äžçã®å»ºèšã«ãããå¿ é ã®èç«å»ºç¯æè¡ãæ¢æ±ãã人åœãå®ããç©çæå®³ãæå°éã«æããŸããææãèšèšããã¹ããã©ã¯ãã£ã¹ã«ã€ããŠåŠã³ãŸãããã
èç«å»ºç¯æè¡ïŒäžçäžã®äººåœãšæè³ãå®ã
ç«çœå®å šã¯ãäžçäžã®å»ºç¯èšèšãšå»ºèšã«ãããŠæãéèŠãªé¢å¿äºã§ãã广çãªèç«å»ºç¯æè¡ãå°å ¥ããããšã¯ã人åœãå®ããç©çæå®³ãæå°éã«æããå± äœè ã®å šäœçãªå®å šã確ä¿ããããã«äžå¯æ¬ ã§ãããã®å æ¬çãªã¬ã€ãã§ã¯ãäžçäžã®å»ºç©ã§æé©ãªèç«æ§ãéæããããã®å¿ é ã®æŠç¥ãææããã¹ããã©ã¯ãã£ã¹ã«ã€ããŠæ¢æ±ããŸãã
èç«æ§ã«ã€ããŠçè§£ãã
èç«æ§ãšã¯ã建ç©ãç«çœã«èãããã®å»¶çŒãé²ãèœåãæããŸããããã¯ã建æã®å¯çæ§ãæ§é éšæã®èšèšãèœåçããã³ååçé²ç«ã·ã¹ãã ã®å°å ¥ãªã©ãè€æ°ã®èŠå ãé¢ããè€éãªæŠå¿µã§ããèç«æ§ã®é«ã建ç©ã¯ç«ã®åºãããé ãããå± äœè ãå®å šã«é¿é£ããããã®è²ŽéãªæéãæäŸããæ¶é²å£«ãé®ç«äœæ¥ãè¡ãããšãå¯èœã«ããŸãã
ååçé²ç«
ååçé²ç«ïŒPFPïŒã¯ã建ç©ã®æ§é ã«èç«ææãèç«å·¥æ³ãçµã¿èŸŒãããšãå«ã¿ãŸãããããã®å¯Ÿçã¯ãèœåçãªä»å ¥ãå¿ èŠãšããã«ç«çœã®æ¡å€§ãæå¶ãŸãã¯é ãããããã«èšèšãããŠããŸããPFPã®äž»èŠãªèŠçŽ ã¯æ¬¡ã®ãšããã§ãã
- èç«å£ãšåºïŒ ã³ã³ã¯ãªãŒããçµç©é ãç³èããŒããªã©ã®èç«ææã§å»ºèšãããå£ãåºã¯ã建ç©ã广çã«åºç»åãã飿¥ãããšãªã¢ãžã®ç«çœã®å»¶çŒãé²ãããšãã§ããŸããèç«ççŽã¯éåžžãæéã§è¡šãããå£ãåºãæšæºçãªç«çœè©Šéšã«èããããæéã瀺ããŸãã
- èç«ãã¢ãšçªïŒ èç«ççŽã®ãããã¢ãçªã¯ãçãç ã®ééã«æµæããããã«èšèšãããŠããŸãããããã®ã¢ã»ã³ããªã«ã¯ã極床ã®ç±ã®äžã§ããã®å®å šæ§ãç¶æããç¹æ®ãªãã¬ãŒã ãã°ã¬ãŒãžã³ã°ãéç©ãå«ãŸããŸããèªåãã¢ã¯ããŒã¶ãŒã¯ãç«çœæã«èç«ãã¢ãéãããŸãŸã§ããããšãä¿èšŒããç ãçã®åºãããé²ããŸãã
- é²ç«åºç»è²«ééšåŠçïŒãã¡ã€ã€ãŒã¹ãããïŒïŒ é²ç«åºç»è²«ééšåŠçæã¯ãé 管ãã±ãŒãã«ããã¯ããªã©ã®ããã«äœãããå£ãåºã®éå£éšã貫ééšãå¡ãããã«äœ¿çšãããŸãããããã®ææã¯ãé ãã空éãéããç«ãç ã®åºãããé²ããŸããäžè¬çãªé²ç«åºç»è²«ééšåŠçæã«ã¯ãã€ã³ãã¥ã¡ã»ã³ãã·ãŒã©ã³ããããã©ã«ãŠãŒã«ãèç«ãã©ãŒã ãªã©ããããŸãã
- æ§é é²ç«ïŒ ééªšã®æ¢ãæ±ãªã©ã®æ§é éšæãä¿è·ããããšã¯ãç«çœäžã«å»ºç©ã®å®å šæ§ãç¶æããããã«äžå¯æ¬ ã§ããèç«å¡æãã³ã³ã¯ãªãŒã被èŠãå¹ä»ãèç«è¢«èŠæïŒSFRMïŒã¯ãæ§é 厩å£ãé²ãããã«å¿ èŠãªæç±ãæäŸã§ããŸãã
èœåçé²ç«
èœåçé²ç«ïŒAFPïŒã¯ãç«çœãæ€ç¥ãé®å§ããããã«èœåçãªä»å ¥ãå¿ èŠãšããã·ã¹ãã ãå«ã¿ãŸãããããã®ã·ã¹ãã ã¯ãç«çœçºçæã«èªåçã«äœåããããã«èšèšãããŠãããæ©æèŠå ±ãšé®ç«ãæäŸããŸããAFPã®äž»èŠãªèŠçŽ ã¯æ¬¡ã®ãšããã§ãã
- ç«çœèŠå ±ã·ã¹ãã ïŒ ç«çœèŠå ±ã·ã¹ãã ã¯ãç æç¥åšãç±æç¥åšãæåçºä¿¡æ©ã䜿çšããŠç«çœãæ€ç¥ããå± äœè ã«èŠåããŸãããããã®ã·ã¹ãã ã«ã¯éåžžãé³å£°ããã³èŠèŠèŠå ±ãå«ãŸããäžå€®ç£èŠã¹ããŒã·ã§ã³ãžã®æ¥ç¶ãè¡ãããŸãã
- ã¹ããªã³ã¯ã©ãŒã·ã¹ãã ïŒ ã¹ããªã³ã¯ã©ãŒã·ã¹ãã ã¯ã圱é¿ãåãããšãªã¢ã«æ°ŽãæŸåºããããšã§èªåçã«ç«çœãé®å§ããããã«èšèšãããŠããŸãããããã®ã·ã¹ãã ã¯éåžžãç«çœã®ç±ã«ãã£ãŠäœåããçã®åºãããå€§å¹ ã«æžå°ãããç©çæå®³ãæå°éã«æããããšãã§ããŸãã
- å±å æ¶ç«æ ã·ã¹ãã ïŒ å±å æ¶ç«æ ã·ã¹ãã ã¯ãé«å±€ãã«ãã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ãå¶éãããå Žæã§ã®æ¶ç«æŽ»åã®ããã«ãæ¶é²å£«ã«ããã«å©çšã§ãã絊氎ãæäŸããŸãããããã®ã·ã¹ãã ã¯ãæ°Žæºã«æ¥ç¶ãããé 管ãšãã«ãã®ãããã¯ãŒã¯ã§æ§æãããŠããŸãã
- æ¶ç«åšïŒ æ¶ç«åšã¯ãå°ããªç«çœãæ¶ãããã«äœ¿çšã§ããæºåž¯çšè£ 眮ã§ããéåžžãAç«çœïŒæ®éå¯çç©ïŒãBç«çœïŒåŒç«æ§æ¶²äœïŒãCç«çœïŒé»æ°èšåïŒãªã©ãæ¶ç«å¯Ÿè±¡ãšãªãç«çœã®çš®é¡ã«ãã£ãŠåé¡ãããŸãã
äž»èŠãªèç«å»ºç¯ææ
广çãªèç«æ§ãéæããããã«ã¯ãé©åãªå»ºæã®éžæãäžå¯æ¬ ã§ããæãäžè¬çã«äœ¿çšãããèç«ææã«ã¯ã次ã®ãããªãã®ããããŸãã
- ã³ã³ã¯ãªãŒãïŒ ã³ã³ã¯ãªãŒãã¯ããã®äžçæ§ãšäœãç±äŒå°çã«ãããæ¬è³ªçã«èç«æ§ããããŸããæ§é éšæã«åªããä¿è·ãæäŸããç«çœã®æ¡å€§ãé²ãããšãã§ããŸãã
- éŒæïŒ éŒæèªäœã¯èç«æ§ã§ã¯ãããŸãããã髿ž©ã§åŒ·åºŠã倱ãã®ãé²ãããã«ãèç«è¢«èŠãã³ã³ã¯ãªãŒã被èŠã§ä¿è·ããããšãã§ããŸãã
- ç³èããŒãïŒ ãã©ã€ãŠã©ãŒã«ãšããŠãç¥ãããç³èããŒãã¯ãåªããèç«æ§ãæäŸããåºã䜿çšãããŠããå å£ããã³å€©äºæã§ããç±ã«ããããããšæŸåºãããååŠçã«çµåããæ°Žãå«ãã§ãããå·åŽå¹æãçã¿åºããŸãã
- çµç©é ïŒ ã¬ã³ã¬ãã³ã³ã¯ãªãŒããããã¯ãªã©ã®çµç©æã¯ãæ¬è³ªçã«èç«æ§ããããå£ãåºã«åªããä¿è·ãæäŸã§ããŸãã
- é£çåŠçæšæïŒ æšæã¯ããã®å¯çæ§ãæžãããçã®åºãããé ãããããã«é£çå€ã§åŠçããããšãã§ããŸããé£çåŠçæšæã¯ãå è£ ä»äžããæ§é éšæã§äžè¬çã«äœ¿çšãããŸãã
- ããã©ã«ãŠãŒã«ïŒ ããã©ã«ãŠãŒã«ã¯ãåªããèç«æ§ãæäŸããäžçæ§ã®æç±æã§ããç«çœã®æ¡å€§ãé²ããç±äŒéãæžããããã«ãå£ãåºã倩äºã§äžè¬çã«äœ¿çšãããŸãã
èç«èšèšã«é¢ããèæ ®äºé
é©åãªææãéžæããããšã«å ããŠãæé©ãªèç«æ§ãéæããããã«ã¯æ éãªèšèšãäžå¯æ¬ ã§ããäž»èŠãªèšèšäžã®èæ ®äºé ã¯æ¬¡ã®ãšããã§ãã
- åºç»åïŒ åºç»åãšã¯ã建ç©ãå¥ã ã®èç«åºç»ã«åå²ããç«çœãçºçæºã®ãšãªã¢ãè¶ ããŠåºããã®ãé²ãããšã§ããèç«å£ãåºããã¢ããããã®åºç»ãäœæããããã«äœ¿çšãããŸãã
- é¿é£çµè·¯ã®èšèšïŒ ç«çœçºçæã«å± äœè ã®å®å šãªé¿é£ã確ä¿ããããã«ã¯ãé©åã§æç¢ºã«è¡šç€ºãããé¿é£çµè·¯ãäžå¯æ¬ ã§ããé¿é£çµè·¯ã¯èç«æ§ã§ããããã«èšèšãããç ãçããä¿è·ãããã¹ãã§ãã
- ç å¶åŸ¡ïŒ ç å¶åŸ¡ã·ã¹ãã ã¯ã建ç©å šäœãžã®ç ã®åºãããé²ãããã«èšèšãããŠãããèŠçãå€§å¹ ã«æ¹åããå± äœè ãå®å šã«é¿é£ã§ããããã«ããŸãããããã®ã·ã¹ãã ã«ã¯ãé²ç ãã³ããŒãæç ãã¡ã³ãå å§ãããéæ®µå®€ãå«ãŸããŸãã
- é²ç«åé¢ïŒ é²ç«åé¢ãšã¯ãç«çœã®å»¶çŒãé²ãããã«ã建ç©éãŸãã¯åã建ç©ã®ç°ãªãéšåéã«é©åãªè·é¢ãç¶æããããšã§ãã
- æ¶é²å£«ã®ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹æ§ïŒ 建ç©ã¯ãé©åãªæ¶ç«æ ãé²å ¥è·¯ãæŽ»åæ ç¹ãªã©ãæ¶é²å£«ããã¹ãŠã®ãšãªã¢ã«å®¹æã«ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ã§ããããã«èšèšãããã¹ãã§ãã
äžçã®ç«çœå®å šèŠåãšå»ºç¯åºæºæ³
ç«çœå®å šèŠåãšå»ºç¯åºæºæ³ã¯ãäžçäžã§å€§ããç°ãªããŸãã建ç©ãæåšããå°åã®çŸå°èŠå¶ã«æºæ ããããšãäžå¯æ¬ ã§ããæãåºãèªèãããŠããåœéçãªç«çœå®å šåºæºã«ã¯ã次ã®ãããªãã®ããããŸãã
- åœé建ç¯åºæºïŒIBCïŒïŒ IBCã¯ãåœéèŠçŽè©è°äŒïŒICCïŒã«ãã£ãŠéçºãããã¢ãã«å»ºç¯åºæºã§ãããç±³åœãä»ã®åœã ã§åºã䜿çšãããŠããŸããèç«æ§é ãç«çœèŠå ±ã·ã¹ãã ãã¹ããªã³ã¯ã©ãŒã·ã¹ãã ã®èŠä»¶ãªã©ãç«çœå®å šã«é¢ããå æ¬çãªèŠå®ãå«ãŸããŠããŸãã
- ç±³åœé²ç«åäŒïŒNFPAïŒåºæºïŒ NFPAã¯ãNFPA 13ïŒã¹ããªã³ã¯ã©ãŒèšåã®èšçœ®åºæºïŒãNFPA 72ïŒåœå®¶ç«çœèŠå ±ã»ä¿¡å·ã³ãŒãïŒãNFPA 101ïŒçåœå®å šã³ãŒãïŒãªã©ãå¹ åºãç«çœå®å šåºæºãéçºã»çºè¡ããŠããŸãããããã®åºæºã¯ãç±³åœãä»ã®åœã ã§åºã䜿çšãããŠããŸãã
- 欧å·èŠæ ŒïŒENïŒïŒ æ¬§å·æšæºåå§å¡äŒïŒCENïŒã¯ãEN 13501-1ïŒå»ºç¯è£œåããã³å»ºç¯éšæã®ç«çœåé¡ïŒãEN 1366ïŒèšåé 管ã®èç«è©ŠéšïŒãªã©ãç«çœå®å šã«é¢ããæ¬§å·èŠæ ŒïŒENïŒãéçºããŠããŸãã
- ãªãŒã¹ãã©ãªã¢èŠæ ŒïŒASïŒïŒ ãªãŒã¹ãã©ãªã¢èŠæ ŒåäŒã¯ãAS 1530.4ïŒå»ºç¯ææãéšæãæ§é ç©ã®ç«çœè©Šé𿹿³ïŒãAS 2419.1ïŒæ¶ç«æ èšåïŒãªã©ãç«çœå®å šã«é¢ãããªãŒã¹ãã©ãªã¢èŠæ ŒïŒASïŒãéçºããŠããŸãã
建ç©ã®èšèšãšå»ºèšããã¹ãŠã®é©çšãããèŠå¶ã«æºæ ããŠããããšã確èªããããã«ãå°æ¹åœå±ãç«çœå®å šã®å°éå®¶ãšçžè«ããããšãäžå¯æ¬ ã§ãã
驿°çãªèç«å»ºç¯ãããžã§ã¯ãã®äŸ
äžçäžã®ããã€ãã®é©æ°çãªå»ºç¯ãããžã§ã¯ãã¯ãèç«å»ºç¯æè¡ã®æåããå¿çšã瀺ããŠããŸãã
- ã¶ã»ã·ã£ãŒãïŒè±åœããã³ãã³ïŒïŒ ãã®è±¡åŸŽçãªè¶ é«å±€ãã«ã¯ãèç«ã³ã³ã¯ãªãŒããèç«å¡æã§ä¿è·ãããæ§é çšéŒæãå æ¬çãªã¹ããªã³ã¯ã©ãŒã·ã¹ãã ãªã©ãé«åºŠãªé²ç«ã·ã¹ãã ãçµã¿èŸŒãã§ããŸãããã®å»ºç©ã¯ãå³ããç«çœå®å šåºæºãæºãããå± äœè ã«å®å šãªç°å¢ãæäŸããããã«èšèšãããŠããŸãã
- ãã«ãžã¥ã»ããªãã¡ïŒã¢ã©ãéŠé·åœé£éŠãããã€ïŒïŒ äžçã§æãé«ããã®å»ºç©ã¯ãèç«ææãåºç»åãé«åºŠãªç å¶åŸ¡ã·ã¹ãã ãå«ãå€å±€çãªé²ç«æŠç¥ãæ¡çšããŠããŸãã建ç©ã®ç«çœå®å šèšèšã¯ãåœéçãªãã¹ããã©ã¯ãã£ã¹ãšçŸå°ã®èŠå¶ã«åºã¥ããŠããŸãã
- ã¬ãŒãã³ãºã»ãã€ã»ã¶ã»ãã€ïŒã·ã³ã¬ããŒã«ïŒïŒ ãã®é©æ°çãªæ€ç©åã¯ãæ§é ç©ãšå± äœè ãç«çœããä¿è·ããããã«ãèç«ææãšèšèšæ©èœãçµã¿èŸŒãã§ããŸãããã³ãç«ã€åçŽåºåã§ããã¹ãŒããŒããªãŒã¯ãèç«ææã§å»ºèšãããã¹ããªã³ã¯ã©ãŒã·ã¹ãã ãè£ åãããŠããŸãã
- ã·ãããŒã»ãªãã©ããŠã¹ïŒãªãŒã¹ãã©ãªã¢ãã·ãããŒïŒïŒ ã·ãããŒã»ãªãã©ããŠã¹ã¯è¿å¹Žãæ°ããã¹ããªã³ã¯ã©ãŒã·ã¹ãã ã®èšçœ®ã匷åãããèç«å»ºç¯æè¡ã®å°å ¥ãªã©ãå€§å¹ ãªç«çœå®å šæ§ã®åäžãè¡ã£ãŠããŸããããããã®ã¢ããã°ã¬ãŒãã«ããã建ç©ã®èç«æ§èœãåäžãããã®è±¡åŸŽçãªå»ºç¯ãä¿è·ãããŠããŸãã
èç«å»ºç¯ã®ããã®ãã¹ããã©ã¯ãã£ã¹
æé©ãªèç«æ§ã確ä¿ããããã«ã以äžã®ãã¹ããã©ã¯ãã£ã¹ãèæ ®ããŠãã ããã
- 培åºçãªç«çœãªã¹ã¯è©äŸ¡ã宿œããïŒ æœåšçãªç«çœãã¶ãŒããç¹å®ãã建ç©å ã®ç«çœãªã¹ã¯ã®ã¬ãã«ãè©äŸ¡ããŸãã
- é©åãªèç«ææãéžæããïŒ ç¹å®ã®çšéã«å¿ èŠãªèç«ççŽãæºããããŸãã¯è¶ ããææãéžæããŸãã
- åºç»åãèšèšããïŒ ç«çœã®æ¡å€§ãé²ãããã«ã建ç©ãå¥ã ã®èç«åºç»ã«åå²ããŸãã
- èœåçé²ç«ã·ã¹ãã ãèšçœ®ããïŒ ç«çœãæ€ç¥ãé®å§ããããã«ãç«çœèŠå ±ã·ã¹ãã ãã¹ããªã³ã¯ã©ãŒã·ã¹ãã ãå±å æ¶ç«æ ã·ã¹ãã ãå°å ¥ããŸãã
- é©åãªé¿é£çµè·¯ãæäŸããïŒ ç ãçããä¿è·ããããæç¢ºã§ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ããããé¿é£çµè·¯ãèšèšããŸãã
- ç å¶åŸ¡å¯Ÿçã宿œããïŒ ç ã®åºãããé²ãããã«ãé²ç ãã³ããŒãæç ãã¡ã³ãå å§ãããéæ®µå®€ãèšçœ®ããŸãã
- é©åãªèšçœ®ãšã¡ã³ããã³ã¹ãä¿èšŒããïŒ ãã¹ãŠã®é²ç«ã·ã¹ãã ãšææãã補é å ã®æç€ºã«åŸã£ãŠé©åã«èšçœ®ããã³ç¶æãããŠããããšã確èªããŸãã
- 宿çãªæ¶é²èšç·Žã宿œããïŒ å± äœè ãé¿é£æé ã«æ £ããããã«ã宿çãªæ¶é²èšç·Žã宿œããŸãã
- ç«çœå®å šã®å°éå®¶ãšçžè«ããïŒ å»ºç©ã®èšèšãšå»ºèšããã¹ãŠã®é©çšãããèŠå¶ãšãã¹ããã©ã¯ãã£ã¹ã«æºæ ããŠããããšã確èªããããã«ãè³æ Œã®ããç«çœå®å šã®å°éå®¶ãšçžè«ããŸãã
èç«å»ºç¯æè¡ã®æªæ¥
èç«å»ºç¯æè¡ã®åéã¯çµ¶ããé²åããŠãããç«çœå®å šãåäžãããããã®æ°ããææãæè¡ãéçºãããŠããŸããèç«å»ºç¯ã®æªæ¥ã«ãããäž»èŠãªãã¬ã³ãã«ã¯ã次ã®ãããªãã®ããããŸãã
- å 鲿æïŒ ããã³ã³ããžãããã€ã³ãã¥ã¡ã»ã³ã塿ãªã©ã®æ°ããèç«ææã®éçºã«ããã建ç¯éšæã®æ§èœãåäžããŠããŸãã
- ã¹ããŒãé²ç«ã·ã¹ãã ïŒ ã¹ããŒãé²ç«ã·ã¹ãã ã¯ãã»ã³ãµãŒãšããŒã¿åæã䜿çšããŠãããè¿ éãã€æ£ç¢ºã«ç«çœãæ€ç¥ããæ¶ç«æŠç¥ãæé©åããŸãã
- èç«éšæã®3Dããªã³ãã£ã³ã°ïŒ 3Dããªã³ãã£ã³ã°æè¡ã¯ãå£ãåºãªã©ã®ã«ã¹ã¿ã èç«å»ºç¯éšæãäœæããããã«äœ¿çšãããŠããŸãã
- æç¶å¯èœãªé²ç«ïŒ æç¶å¯èœãªé²ç«ææãšæè¡ã®éçºã«ãããç«çœå®å šå¯Ÿçã®ç°å¢ãžã®åœ±é¿ãäœæžãããŠããŸãã
- æ§èœèŠå®èšèšïŒ æ§èœèŠå®èšèšã¯ãèŠæ±ãããæ§èœç®æšãéæãããéããé²ç«ã·ã¹ãã ã®èšèšã«ãããŠããæè»æ§ãå¯èœã«ããŸãã
çµè«
èç«å»ºç¯æè¡ã¯ãäžçäžã®å»ºç©ã§äººåœãšæè³ãä¿è·ããããã«äžå¯æ¬ ã§ãã广çãªååçããã³èœåçé²ç«ã·ã¹ãã ãå°å ¥ããé©åãªèç«ææãéžæãããã¹ããã©ã¯ãã£ã¹ãéµå®ããããšã§ã建ç©ã®ææè ãšèšèšè ã¯ãããå®å šã§å埩åã®ããæ§é ç©ãäœæã§ããŸããç«çœå®å šæè¡ãšèŠå¶ã®ææ°ã®é²æ©ã«ã€ããŠåžžã«æ å ±ãåŸãããšããé²ç«å¯Ÿçã®ç¶ç¶çãªæå¹æ§ã確ä¿ããããã«éèŠã§ãã
建ç©ãç«çœããå®ãããšã¯ã建ç¯å®¶ããšã³ãžãã¢ãå»ºèšæ¥è ã建ç©ã®ææè ãç«çœå®å šã®å°éå®¶ã®ååãå¿ èŠãªå ±æã®è²¬ä»»ã§ããååãåãããšã§ãç§ãã¡ã¯ç«çœã®å£æ» çãªåœ±é¿ã«å¯ŸããŠããå®å šã§å埩åã®ãã建ç¯ç°å¢ãåµé ããããšãã§ããŸãã